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Sunday, February 11, 2018

Method Chaining

WHAT IS METHOD CHAINING

Method chaining is a common syntax in object-oriented programming for invoking multiple method calls. The class methods must return the current object using the this keyword.

METHOD CHAINING EXAMPLES

  • Method chaining in Javascript
    function Client() {
        this.name = null;
        this.phone = null;
    }
    Client.prototype = {
        getName: function () {
            return this.name;
        },
        setName: function (value) {
            this.name = value;
            return this;
        },
        setPhone: function (value) {
            this.phone = value;
            return this;
        }
    };
    
    alert(new Client().setName('John Smith').setPhone('+1 (555) 123-4567').getName()); // prints John Smith
  • Method chaining in jQuery
    $('ul')
        .find('a:eq(1)')
        .addClass('active')
        .text('Test')
        .css('color', 'red')
        .show();
  • Method chaining in PHP
    <?php
    class Client {
        private $name;
        private $phone;
    
        public function setName($value) {
            $this->name = $value;
            return $this;
        }
    
        public function setPhone($value) {
            $this->phone = $value;
            return $this;
        }
    
        public function getName() {
            return $this->name;
        }
    }
    
    $client = new Client();
    echo $client->setName('Jane Doe')->setPhone('+1 (546) 854-9551')->getName(); // prints Jane Doe
    ?>

METHOD CHAINING AND ERROR HANDLING

Throwing errors or returning boolean values from a method could break the chain, so proper error handling is a must.
function Client() {
    this.error = null;
    this.email = null;
    this.birthday = null;
}
Client.prototype = {
    getError: function () {
        return this.error;
    },
    hasError: function () {
        return this.error !== null;
    },
    getInfo: function () {
        return ['Send a mail to ', this.email, ' at ', this.birthday].join('');
    },
    setBirthday: function (value) {
        if (!/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/.test(value)) {
            this.error = 'Invalid ISO date.';
            return this;
        }
        this.birthday = value;
        return this;
    },
    setEmail: function (value) {
        if (!/[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,}/i.test(value)) {
            this.error = 'Invalid email address';
            return this;
        }
        this.email = value;
        return this;
    }
};

var client = new Client();
if (!client.setEmail('www.domain.com').setBirthday('1987-10-29').hasError()) {
    console.log(client.getInfo());
} else {
    console.log(client.getError());
}

CONCLUSION

Method chaining could be extremely useful when it comes to execution of multiple consecutive methods over a single object.

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